Özet
Hücrenin çekirdeğinde sakladığı bir bilgi yumağı nasıl oluyor da dışarıdaki karmaşık mekanizmaları denetliyor ve kendisinden kat kat büyük bir organizmaya yaşam veriyor? Ebeveynlerimizden aldığımız ve bütün genetik kodumuzu taşıyan DNA’mız her vücut hücremizde eksiksiz bir şekilde paketli bekliyor. Peki, hangi mekanizmalar harekete geçerek paketin yerinden ayrılmadan, yani çekirdekten çıkmadan bütün organlarımızı etkilemesine olanak sunuyor? DNA’nın kendisini kopyalama ve protein üreterek çalışma mekanizmasına moleküler biyolojinin santral dogması denir. Protein ürünlerinin oluşması ve bu sürecin sıkı kontrolü sayesinde sahip olduğumuz genetik bilgiyi kullanabiliriz.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Translasyon, DNA, Santral Dogma, Transkripsiyon
Abstract
How is it that a bundle of information stored in the nucleus of the cell controls the complex mechanisms outside and gives life to an organism many times larger than itself? Our DNA, which we inherit from our parents and carries our entire genetic code, is waiting perfectly packaged in every cell of our body. So, how is it that that package can affect all our organs without leaving its place, that is, without leaving the nucleus? The mechanism of DNA copying itself and working by producing proteins is called central dogma of molecular biology. Thanks to the formation of protein products and the strict control of this process, we can use the genetic information we have.
Keywords: Translation, DNA, Central Dogma, Transcription
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